Modes of Horizontal DNA Transfer

DNA Transfer Mode

Donor-Recipient Taxa (References)

Liberation and uptake of extracellular DNA (“Transformation”)

Archaea-archaea (Worrell, Nagle et al. 1988; Cline, Schalkwyk et al. 1989; Chimileski, Dolas et al. 2014; van Wolferen, Wagner et al. 2016)

Bacteria-bacteria (Lorenz and Wackernagel 1994; Chen and Dubnau 2004; Johnsborg, Eldholm et al. 2007; Claverys, Martin et al. 2009; Seitz and Blokesch 2013; Johnston, Martin et al. 2014; Keen, Bliskovsky et al. 2017)

Bacteria-Archaea (Dodsworth, Li et al. 2010)

Yeast-yeast (Bouchonville, Forche et al. 2009; Mitrikeski 2015)

Stramenopile red alga-alga (Vieler, Wu et al. 2012)

Plant-bacteria (Pontiroli, Rizzi et al. 2009)

Encapsidation in and delivery by a virus or virus-like particle (“Transduction”)

Archaea-archaea (Meile, Abendschein et al. 1990; Bertani 1999)

Bacteria-bacteria (Miller 2001; Waddell, Franklin et al. 2009; Lang, Zhaxybayeva et al. 2012; Balcazar 2014; Penades, Chen et al. 2015)

Insect-insect (Gilbert, Chateigner et al. 2014; Coates 2015)

Bacteria-mammal (Wadia, Eguchi et al. 2013)

Mammal-mammal (Gallaher, Gil et al. 2009)

Establishment of a DNA transport pore between two cell envelopes (“conjugation”)

Archaea-archaea (Schleper, Holz et al. 1995; Prangishvili, Albers et al. 1998; Stedman, She et al. 2000)

Bacteria-bacteria (Guglielmini, Quintais et al. 2011; Koraimann and Wagner 2014)

Bacteria-yeast (Heinemann and Sprague 1991; Piers, Heath et al. 1996; Sawasaki, Inomata et al. 1996; Lacroix, Tzfira et al. 2006; Moriguchi, Yamamoto et al. 2016)

Bacteria-fungi and mushrooms (de Groot, Bundock et al. 1998; Lacroix, Tzfira et al. 2006; Fitzpatrick, Logue et al. 2008; Knight, Bailey et al. 2010)

Bacteria-plant (Zupan and Zambryski 1995; Broothaerts, Mitchell et al. 2005; Chung, Vaidya et al. 2006; Lacroix and Citovsky 2016)

Bacteria-mammalian cells (Kunik, Tzfira et al. 2001; Waters 2001; Lacroix, Tzfira et al. 2006; Schroder, Schuelein et al. 2011)

Bacteria-diverse eukaryotes (Lacroix and Citovsky 2016)

Unknown mechanism

Fungus-fungus (Fitzpatrick 2012)

Cell fusion

Archaea-archaea (Naor, Lapierre et al. 2012; Naor and Gophna 2013)

Phagotrophism

Bacteria-protist (Doolittle 1998)

Additional DNA transfer modes

Protoplast fusion

Bacteria (Hopwood, Wright et al. 1977; Gasson 1983; Gokhale, Puntambekar et al. 1993; Dai, Ziesman et al. 2005)

Yeast (Curran and Bugeja 1996; Steensels, Snoek et al. 2014)

Fungi (Peberdy 1987; Baltz 2001; Biot-Pelletier and Martin 2014)

Plants (Gamborg and Holl 1977; Binding, Krumbiegel-Schroeren et al. 1986; Fahleson and Glimelius 1999; Davey, Anthony et al. 2005)

Liposomal or membrane vesicle-mediated transfer

Archaea (Metcalf, Zhang et al. 1997; Gaudin, Gauliard et al. 2013; Marguet, Gaudin et al. 2013)

Mammalian cells (Cai, Han et al. 2013; Ogorevc, Kralj-Iglic et al. 2013; Fischer, Cornils et al. 2016; Kawamura, Yamamoto et al. 2017)

Sperm-mediated DNA transfer

Insect larva (Zhou, Gong et al. 2012)

Mammals (Smith and Spadafora 2005; Lavitrano, Busnelli et al. 2006; Spadafora 2007; Zhao, Yu et al. 2012; Arias, Sanchez-Villalba et al. 2017)

Parasite- and endosymbiont-mediated transfer (inferred)

Red algae (Goff and Coleman 1995; Qiu, Yoon et al. 2013)

Aphids, parasitoid wasps, and a beetle (Guo, Gao et al. 2014)

Drosophila (Houck, Clark et al. 1991; Ortiz, Wallau et al. 2015)

Butterflies (Li, Shen et al. 2011; Schneider and Thomas 2014)

Vertebrates (Gilbert, Schaack et al. 2010)

Reptile-mammal (Piskurek and Okada 2007)

Mammals (Filee, Rouault et al. 2015)

 

 

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