The Virosphere
(Breitbart and
Rohwer 2005; Suttle 2007; Andersson and
Banfield 2008; Emerman and Malik
2010; Johnson 2010; Krupovic and
Bamford 2010; Reyes, Haynes et
al. 2010; Walsh and Mohr 2011)
Speculation
on viruses, cell and genome evolution
(Sonea 1987; Tsichlis 1987; Bell 2001; Bubanovic, Najman
et al. 2005; Forterre 2005; Claverie 2006; Forterre 2006; Koonin, Senkevich
et al. 2006; Suzan-Monti, La
Scola et al. 2006; Witzany 2007; Filee, Pouget et
al. 2008; Baluska 2009; Bell 2009; Krupovic, Ravantti
et al. 2009; Varela, Spencer et
al. 2009; Forterre 2010; Gilbert, McDonald
et al. 2010; Hughes, Irausquin
et al. 2010; Hunter 2010; Koonin 2010; Strassmann and
Queller 2010; Van Regenmortel
2010; Villarreal and
Witzany 2010; Fischer and Suttle
2011; Roossinck 2011; Villarreal 2011; Williams, Embley et
al. 2011; Wu, Wu et al. 2011)
Phylogenies
and metagenomic analysis of viral sequence components; viral
origins by
horizontal transfer and symbiogenesis
(Holmes and Drummond
2007; Mrazek and Karlin
2007; Bigot, Samain et
al. 2008; Filee, Pouget et
al. 2008; Williamson, Rusch
et al. 2008; Bigot, Renault et
al. 2009; Boyer, Yutin et al.
2009; Labonte, Reid et
al. 2009; Bousios, Darzentas
et al. 2010; Boyer, Madoui et
al. 2010; Filee and Chandler
2010; Karam and Miller
2010; Kristensen,
Mushegian et al. 2010; Krupovic and
Bamford 2010; Lopes,
Amarir-Bouhram et al. 2010; Schoenfeld, Liles
et al. 2010; Al Rwahnih, Daubert
et al. 2011; Caporaso, Knight et
al. 2011; Hulo, de Castro et
al. 2011)
Viral
sequences in cellular genomes
(Lwoff 1966; Nusse and Varmus
1982; Tsichlis, Lee et
al. 1990; Martin, Herniou et
al. 1999; Gifford and Tristem
2003; Ryan 2004; Gifford, Kabat et
al. 2005; Yohn, Jiang et al.
2005; Fiebig, Hartmann et
al. 2006; Jern, Sperber et
al. 2006; Tarlinton, Meers et
al. 2006; Katzourakis,
Tristem et al. 2007; Delaroque and
Boland 2008; Eiden 2008; Gifford,
Katzourakis et al. 2008; Maeda, Fan et al.
2008; Tarlinton, Meers et
al. 2008; Blomberg,
Benachenhou et al. 2009; Gilbert, Maxfield
et al. 2009; Jaratlerdsiri,
Rodriguez-Zarate et
al. 2009; Pagarete, Allen et
al. 2009; Ryan 2009; Ryan 2009; Varela, Spencer et
al. 2009; Wang, Kim et al.
2009; Horie, Honda et al.
2010; Katzourakis and
Gifford 2010; Koonin 2010; Kozak 2010; Liu, Fu et al. 2010; Taylor, Leach et
al. 2010; van der Kuyl,
Cornelissen et al.
2010; Yan, Liu et al.
2010; Beyer, Moll-Rocek
et al. 2011; Chiba, Kondo et al.
2011; Huang, Wang et al.
2011; Liu and Eiden 2011)
Prokaryotic
viruses
(Sonea 1987; Prangishvili 2003; Snyder, Stedman et
al. 2003; Weinbauer 2004; Prangishvili and
Garrett 2005; Lipps 2006; Maaty, Ortmann et
al. 2006; Ortmann, Wiedenheft
et al. 2006; Prangishvili,
Forterre et al. 2006; Srinivasiah,
Bhavsar et al. 2008; Basta, Smyth et al.
2009; Pietila, Roine et
al. 2009; Sullivan, Krastins
et al. 2009; Wang, Kim et al.
2009; Wilson and Edgell
2009; Edgell, Gibb et al.
2010; Petrov, Ratnayaka
et al. 2010; Ronning, Losada et
al. 2010; Avrani, Wurtzel et
al. 2011; Clokie, Millard et
al. 2011; Huang, Wang et al.
2011; Krupovic and
Forterre 2011; Tadmor, Ottesen et
al. 2011)
Algal, amoebal
and protist viruses
(Van Etten and
Meints 1999; Van Etten, Graves
et al. 2002; Wilson, Tarran et
al. 2002; Wilson, Schroeder
et al. 2005; Delaroque and
Boland 2008; Nagasaki 2008; Zauberman, Mutsafi
et al. 2008; Boyer, Yutin et al.
2009; Ogata, Toyoda et
al. 2009; Pagarete, Allen et
al. 2009; Colson and Raoult
2010; Fischer, Allen et
al. 2010; Moliner, Fournier
et al. 2010; Raoult 2010; Raoult and Boyer
2010; Thomas and Greub
2010; Arslan, Legendre et
al. 2011; Coolen 2011)
Invertebrate
viruses
(Pelisson, Mejlumian
et al. 2002; Lambrechts and
Scott 2009; Vasilakis,
Deardorff et al. 2009; Wang and Jehle 2009; Marquez and Pritham
2010; Dupuy, Periquet et
al. 2011; Felix, Ashe et al.
2011; Hoover, Grove et
al. 2011)
Plant viruses
(Turpen 1999; Roossinck 2005; Yano, Panbehi et
al. 2005; Roossinck 2010; Al Rwahnih, Daubert
et al. 2011; Desbiez, Moury et
al. 2011; Elena, Bedhomme et
al. 2011; Pantaleo 2011)
RNA viruses,
including retroviruses
(Katzourakis,
Gifford et al. 2009; Fujii 2010; Horie, Honda et al.
2010; Felix, Ashe et al.
2011; Simon-Loriere and
Holmes 2011)
Large Nucleocytoplasmic
DNA Viruses
(Van Etten and
Meints 1999; Van Etten, Graves
et al. 2002; Iyer, Balaji et al.
2006; Webb, Strand et al.
2006; Mrazek and Karlin
2007; Filee, Pouget et
al. 2008; Boyer, Yutin et al.
2009; Ogata, Toyoda et
al. 2009; Webb, Fisher et al.
2009; Wilson, Van Etten
et al. 2009; Yutin and Koonin
2009; Yutin, Wolf et al.
2009; Colson and Raoult
2010; Filee and Chandler
2010; Fischer, Allen et
al. 2010; Forterre 2010; Koonin and Yutin
2010; Parakkottil Chothi,
Duncan et al.
2010; Thomas and Greub
2010; Van Etten, Lane et
al. 2010; Arslan, Legendre et
al. 2011; Boyer, Azza et al.
2011; Colson, Gimenez et
al. 2011; Legendre, Santini
et al. 2011; Van Etten 2011; Williams, Embley et
al. 2011; Yoshida, Claverie
et al. 2011)
DNA viruses
(Briddon, Patil et
al. 2010; Gilbert and
Feschotte 2010; Lefeuvre, Harkins
et al. 2011)
Satellite
viruses
(Hu, Hsu et al. 2009; Huang, Hu et al.
2010; Krupovic and
Cvirkaite-Krupovic 2011)
Viral genome packaging and capture
of host cell DNA
segments
(Guo and Lee 2007; Johnson and Chiu
2007; Roos, Ivanovska et
al. 2007; Rao and Feiss 2008; Bright and
Bulgheresi 2010; Jing, Haque et al.
2010; Sun, Rao et al.
2010; Casjens 2011; Dupuy, Periquet et
al. 2011; Dykeman, Grayson et
al. 2011; Olia, Prevelige et
al. 2011; Serwer 2011; Yoshida, Claverie
et al. 2011; Zhang, Kottadiel et
al. 2011)
Transfer of non-DNA components
(Swain and Coffin
1992; Bright and
Bulgheresi 2010; Fujii 2010; Okeoma, Huegel et
al. 2010)
Virus-host coevolution
(Dimcheff, Drovetski
et al. 2000; Herniou, Olszewski
et al. 2004; Avrani, Wurtzel et
al. 2011)
REFERENCES
Al Rwahnih, M., S.
Daubert, et al.
(2011). "Deep sequencing evidence from single grapevine plants
reveals a
virome dominated by mycoviruses." Arch Virol 156(3): 397-403. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21140178.
Andersson, A. F.
and J. F. Banfield
(2008). "Virus population dynamics and acquired virus
resistance in
natural microbial communities." Science 320(5879): 1047-1050. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18497291.
Arslan, D., M.
Legendre, et al.
(2011). "Distant Mimivirus relative with a larger genome
highlights the
fundamental features of Megaviridae." Proc Natl Acad Sci U
S A 108(42):
17486-17491. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21987820.
Avrani, S., O.
Wurtzel, et al.
(2011). "Genomic island variability facilitates
Prochlorococcus-virus
coexistence." Nature 474(7353):
604-608. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21720364.
Baluska, F. (2009).
"Cell-cell
channels, viruses, and evolution: via infection, parasitism,
and symbiosis
toward higher levels of biological complexity." Ann N Y
Acad Sci 1178:
106-119. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19845631.
Basta, T., J.
Smyth, et al. (2009).
"Novel archaeal plasmid pAH1 and its interactions with the
lipothrixvirus
AFV1." Mol Microbiol 71(1):
23-34. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19007417.
Bell, P. J. (2001).
"Viral
eukaryogenesis: was the ancestor of the nucleus a complex DNA
virus?" J
Mol Evol 53(3):
251-256. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11523012.
Bell, P. J. (2009).
"The viral
eukaryogenesis hypothesis: a key role for viruses in the
emergence of
eukaryotes from a prokaryotic world environment." Ann N Y
Acad Sci 1178:
91-105. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19845630.
Beyer, U., J.
Moll-Rocek, et al.
(2011). "Endogenous retrovirus drives hitherto unknown
proapoptotic p63
isoforms in the male germ line of humans and great apes." Proc
Natl
Acad Sci U S A 108(9):
3624-3629.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21300884.
Bigot, Y., S.
Renault, et al. (2009). "Symbiotic virus at the evolutionary
intersection
of three types of large DNA viruses; iridoviruses,
ascoviruses, and
ichnoviruses." PLoS One 4(7):
e6397. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19636425.
Bigot, Y., S.
Samain, et al. (2008). "Molecular evidence for the evolution
of ichnoviruses
from ascoviruses by symbiogenesis." BMC Evol Biol 8: 253. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18801176.
Blomberg, J.,
F. Benachenhou, et al. (2009). "Classification and
nomenclature of
endogenous retroviral sequences (ERVs): problems and
recommendations." Gene
448(2): 115-123. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19540319.
Bousios, A.,
N. Darzentas, et al. (2010). "Highly conserved motifs in
non-coding
regions of Sirevirus retrotransposons: the key for their
pattern of
distribution within and across plants?" BMC Genomics 11: 89. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20132532.
Boyer, M., S.
Azza, et al. (2011). "Mimivirus shows dramatic genome
reduction after
intraamoebal culture." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108(25):
10296-10301. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21646533.
Boyer, M., M.
A. Madoui, et al. (2010). "Phylogenetic and phyletic studies
of
informational genes in genomes highlight existence of a 4
domain of life
including giant viruses." PLoS One 5(12): e15530. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21151962.
Boyer, M., N.
Yutin, et al. (2009). "Giant Marseillevirus highlights the
role of amoebae
as a melting pot in emergence of chimeric microorganisms." Proc
Natl
Acad Sci U S A 106(51):
21848-21853.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20007369.
Breitbart, M.
and F. Rohwer (2005). "Here a virus, there a virus, everywhere
the same
virus?" Trends Microbiol 13(6):
278-284. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15936660.
Briddon, R.
W., B. L. Patil, et al. (2010). "Distinct evolutionary
histories of the
DNA-A and DNA-B components of bipartite begomoviruses." BMC
Evol Biol
10: 97. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20377896.
Bright, M.
and S. Bulgheresi (2010). "A complex journey: transmission of
microbial
symbionts." Nat Rev Microbiol 8(3):
218-230. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20157340.
Bubanovic,
I., S. Najman, et al. (2005). "Origin and evolution of
viruses: escaped
DNA/RNA sequences as evolutionary accelerators and natural
biological weapons."
Med Hypotheses 65(5):
868-872.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16084025.
Caporaso, J.
G., R. Knight, et al. (2011). "Host-associated and free-living
phage
communities differ profoundly in phylogenetic composition." PLoS
One
6(2): e16900. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21383980.
Casjens, S.
R. (2011). "The DNA-packaging nanomotor of tailed
bacteriophages." Nat
Rev Microbiol 9(9):
647-657. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21836625.
Chiba, S., H.
Kondo, et al. (2011). "Widespread endogenization of genome
sequences of
non-retroviral RNA viruses into plant genomes." PLoS
Pathog 7(7):
e1002146. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21779172.
Claverie, J.
M. (2006). "Viruses take center stage in cellular evolution."
Genome
Biol 7(6):
110. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16787527.
Clokie, M.
R., A. D. Millard, et al. (2011). "Phages in nature." Bacteriophage
1(1): 31-45. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21687533.
Colson, P.,
G. Gimenez, et al. (2011). "The giant Cafeteria roenbergensis
virus that
infects a widespread marine phagocytic protist is a new member
of the fourth
domain of Life." PLoS One 6(4):
e18935. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21559486.
Colson, P.
and D. Raoult (2010). "Gene repertoire of amoeba-associated
giant
viruses." Intervirology 53(5):
330-343. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20551685.
Coolen, M. J.
(2011). "7000 years of Emiliania huxleyi viruses in the Black
Sea." Science
333(6041): 451-452.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21778399.
Delaroque, N.
and W. Boland (2008). "The genome of the brown alga Ectocarpus
siliculosus
contains a series of viral DNA pieces, suggesting an ancient
association with
large dsDNA viruses." BMC Evol Biol 8: 110. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18405387.
Desbiez, C.,
B. Moury, et al. (2011). "The hallmarks of "green" viruses: do
plant viruses evolve differently from the others?" Infect
Genet Evol
11(5): 812-824. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21382520.
Dimcheff, D.
E., S. V. Drovetski, et al. (2000). "Cospeciation and
horizontal
transmission of avian sarcoma and leukosis virus gag genes in
galliform
birds." J Virol 74(9):
3984-3995. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10756010.
Dupuy, C., G.
Periquet, et al. (2011). "Transfer of a chromosomal Maverick
to endogenous
bracovirus in a parasitoid wasp." Genetica 139(4): 489-496. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21451967.
Dykeman, E.
C., N. E. Grayson, et al. (2011). "Simple rules for efficient
assembly
predict the layout of a packaged viral RNA." J Mol Biol
408(3): 399-407. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21354423.
Edgell, D.
R., E. A. Gibb, et al. (2010). "Mobile DNA elements in T4 and
related
phages." Virol J 7: 290.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21029434.
Eiden, M. V.
(2008). "Endogenous retroviruses--aiding and abetting genomic
plasticity." Cell Mol Life Sci 65(21):
3325-3328. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18818876.
Elena, S. F.,
S. Bedhomme, et al. (2011). "The evolutionary genetics of
emerging plant
RNA viruses." Mol Plant Microbe Interact 24(3): 287-293. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21294624.
Emerman, M.
and H. S. Malik (2010). "Paleovirology--modern consequences of
ancient viruses."
PLoS Biol 8(2):
e1000301. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20161719.
Felix, M. A.,
A. Ashe, et al. (2011). "Natural and experimental infection of
Caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to
nodaviruses." PLoS
Biol 9(1):
e1000586. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21283608.
Fiebig, U.,
M. G. Hartmann, et al. (2006). "Transspecies transmission of
the
endogenous koala retrovirus." J Virol 80(11): 5651-5654. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16699047.
Filee, J. and
M. Chandler (2010). "Gene exchange and the origin of giant
viruses." Intervirology
53(5): 354-361. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20551687.
Filee, J., N.
Pouget, et al. (2008). "Phylogenetic evidence for extensive
lateral
acquisition of cellular genes by Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA
viruses." BMC
Evol Biol 8:
320. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19036122.
Fischer, M.
G., M. J. Allen, et al. (2010). "Giant virus with a remarkable
complement
of genes infects marine zooplankton." Proc Natl Acad Sci U
S A 107(45):
19508-19513. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20974979.
Fischer, M.
G. and C. A. Suttle (2011). "A virophage at the origin of
large DNA
transposons." Science 332(6026):
231-234. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21385722.
Forterre, P.
(2005). "The two ages of the RNA world, and the transition to
the DNA
world: a story of viruses and cells." Biochimie 87(9-10): 793-803. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16164990.
Forterre, P.
(2006). "The origin of viruses and their possible roles in
major
evolutionary transitions." Virus Res 117(1): 5-16. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16476498.
Forterre, P.
(2010). "Defining life: the virus viewpoint." Orig Life
Evol
Biosph\ 40\(2\):
151-160\. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20198436\.
Forterre, P.
(2010). "Giant viruses: conflicts in revisiting the virus
concept." Intervirology
53(5): 362-378. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20551688.
Fujii, Y. R.
(2010). "RNA Genes: Retroelements and Virally Retroposable
microRNAs in
Human Embryonic Stem Cells." Open Virol J 4: 63-75. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20835360.
Gifford, R.,
P. Kabat, et al. (2005). "Evolution and distribution of class
II-related
endogenous retroviruses." J Virol 79(10): 6478-6486. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15858031.
Gifford, R.
and M. Tristem (2003). "The evolution, distribution and
diversity of
endogenous retroviruses." Virus Genes 26(3): 291-315. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12876457.
Gifford, R.
J., A. Katzourakis, et al. (2008). "A transitional endogenous
lentivirus
from the genome of a basal primate and implications for
lentivirus
evolution." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105(51): 20362-20367. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19075221.
Gilbert, C.
and C. Feschotte (2010). "Genomic fossils calibrate the
long-term
evolution of hepadnaviruses." PLoS Biol 8(9). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20927357.
Gilbert, C.,
D. G. Maxfield, et al. (2009). "Parallel germline infiltration
of a
lentivirus in two Malagasy lemurs." PLoS Genet 5(3): e1000425. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19300488.
Gilbert, S.
F., E. McDonald, et al. (2010). "Symbiosis as a source of
selectable
epigenetic variation: taking the heat for the big guy." Philos
Trans R
Soc Lond B Biol Sci 365(1540):
671-678. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20083641.
Guo, P. and
T. J. Lee (2007). "Viral nanomotors for packaging of dsDNA and
dsRNA." Mol Microbiol 64(4):
886-903. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17501915.
Herniou, E.
A., J. A. Olszewski, et al. (2004). "Ancient coevolution of
baculoviruses
and their insect hosts." J Virol 78(7): 3244-3251. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15016845.
Holmes, E. C.
and A. J. Drummond (2007). "The evolutionary genetics of viral
emergence." Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 315: 51-66. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17848060.
Hoover, K.,
M. Grove, et al. (2011). "A gene for an extended phenotype." Science
333(6048): 1401. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21903803.
Horie, M., T.
Honda, et al. (2010). "Endogenous non-retroviral RNA virus
elements in
mammalian genomes." Nature 463(7277):
84-87. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20054395.
Hu, C. C., Y.
H. Hsu, et al. (2009). "Satellite RNAs and Satellite Viruses
of
Plants." Viruses 1(3):
1325-1350. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21994595.
Huang, S., K.
Wang, et al. (2011). "Genome sequences of siphoviruses
infecting marine
Synechococcus unveil a diverse cyanophage group and extensive
phage-host
genetic exchanges." Environ Microbiol. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22188618.
Huang, Y. W.,
C. C. Hu, et al. (2010). "Mimicry of molecular pretenders: the
terminal
structures of satellites associated with plant RNA viruses." RNA
Biol
7(2): 162-171. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20139733.
Hughes, A.
L., S. Irausquin, et al. (2010). "The evolutionary biology of
poxviruses." Infect Genet Evol\ 10\(1\): 50-59\. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19833230\.
Hulo, C., E.
de Castro, et al. (2011). "ViralZone: a knowledge resource to
understand
virus diversity." Nucleic Acids Res 39(Database issue): D576-582. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20947564.
Hunter, P.
(2010). "The missing link. Viruses revise evolutionary
theory." EMBO
Rep 11(1):
28-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20033091.
Iyer, L. M.,
S. Balaji, et al. (2006). "Evolutionary genomics of
nucleo-cytoplasmic
large DNA viruses." Virus Res 117(1):
156-184. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16494962.
Jaratlerdsiri,
W., C. J. Rodriguez-Zarate, et al. (2009). "Distribution of
endogenous
retroviruses in crocodilians." J Virol 83(19): 10305-10308. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19605486.
Jern, P., G.
O. Sperber, et al. (2006). "Divergent patterns of recent
retroviral
integrations in the human and chimpanzee genomes: probable
transmissions
between other primates and chimpanzees." J Virol 80(3): 1367-1375. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16415014.
Jing, P., F.
Haque, et al. (2010). "One-way traffic of a viral motor
channel for
double-stranded DNA translocation." Nano Lett 10(9): 3620-3627. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20722407.
Johnson, J.
E. and W. Chiu (2007). "DNA packaging and delivery machines in
tailed
bacteriophages." Curr Opin Struct Biol 17(2): 237-243. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17395453.
Johnson, W.
E. (2010). "Endless forms most viral." PLoS Genet 6(11): e1001210. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21124950.
Karam, J. D.
and E. S. Miller (2010). "Bacteriophage T4 and its relatives."
Virol
J 7: 293. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21029437.
Katzourakis,
A. and R. J. Gifford (2010). "Endogenous viral elements in
animal
genomes." PLoS Genet 6(11):
e1001191. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21124940.
Katzourakis,
A., R. J. Gifford, et al. (2009). "Macroevolution of complex
retroviruses." Science 325(5947):
1512. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19762636.
Katzourakis,
A., M. Tristem, et al. (2007). "Discovery and analysis of the
first
endogenous lentivirus." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(15): 6261-6265.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17384150.
Koonin, E. V.
(2010). "Taming of the shrewd: novel eukaryotic genes from RNA
viruses." BMC Biol 8: 2.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20067611.
Koonin, E.
V., T. G. Senkevich, et al. (2006). "The ancient Virus World
and evolution
of cells." Biol Direct 1:
29. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16984643.
Koonin, E. V.
and N. Yutin (2010). "Origin and evolution of eukaryotic large
nucleo-cytoplasmic DNA viruses." Intervirology 53(5): 284-292. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20551680.
Kozak, C. A.
(2010). "The mouse "xenotropic" gammaretroviruses and their
XPR1
receptor." Retrovirology 7:
101. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21118532.
Kristensen,
D. M., A. R. Mushegian, et al. (2010). "New dimensions of the
virus world
discovered through metagenomics." Trends Microbiol 18(1): 11-19. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19942437.
Krupovic, M.
and D. H. Bamford (2010). "Order to the viral universe." J
Virol
84(24):
12476-12479. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20926569.
Krupovic, M.
and V. Cvirkaite-Krupovic (2011). "Virophages or satellite
viruses?" Nat
Rev Microbiol 9(11):
762-763. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22016897.
Krupovic, M.
and P. Forterre (2011). "Microviridae goes temperate:
microvirus-related
proviruses reside in the genomes of Bacteroidetes." PLoS
One 6(5):
e19893. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21572966.
Krupovic, M.,
J. J. Ravantti, et al. (2009). "Geminiviruses: a tale of a
plasmid becoming
a virus." BMC Evol Biol\ 9\:
112\. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19460138\.
Labonte, J.
M., K. E. Reid, et al. (2009). "Phylogenetic analysis
indicates
evolutionary diversity and environmenta segregation of marine
podovirus DNA
polymerase gene sequences." Appl Environ Microbiol 75(11): 3634-3640. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19363063.
Lambrechts,
L. and T. W. Scott (2009). "Mode of transmission and the
evolution of
arbovirus virulence in mosquito vectors." Proc Biol Sci
276(1660):
1369-1378. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19141420.
Lefeuvre, P.,
G. W. Harkins, et al. (2011). "Evolutionary time-scale of the
begomoviruses: evidence from integrated sequences in the
Nicotiana
genome." PLoS One 6(5):
e19193. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21603653.
Legendre, M.,
S. Santini, et al. (2011). "Breaking the 1000-gene barrier for
Mimivirus
using ultra-deep genome and transcriptome sequencing." Virol
J 8: 99. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21375749.
Lipps, G.
(2006). "Plasmids and viruses of the thermoacidophilic
crenarchaeote
Sulfolobus." Extremophiles 10(1):
17-28. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16397749.
Liu, H., Y.
Fu, et al. (2010). "Widespread horizontal gene transfer from
double-stranded RNA viruses to eukaryotic nuclear genomes." J
Virol
84(22):
11876-11887. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20810725.
Liu, M. and
M. V. Eiden (2011). "Role of human endogenous retroviral long
terminal
repeats (LTRs) in maintaining the integrity of the human germ
line." Viruses
3(6): 901-905. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21994760.
Lopes, A., J.
Amarir-Bouhram, et al. (2010). "Detection of novel
recombinases in
bacteriophage genomes unveils Rad52, Rad51 and Gp2.5 remote
homologs." Nucleic
Acids Res 38(12):
3952-3962. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20194117.
Lwoff, A.
(1966). "Interaction among virus, cell, and organism." Science
152(726):
1216-1220. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5937114.
Maaty, W. S.,
A. C. Ortmann, et al. (2006). "Characterization of the
archaeal
thermophile Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus validates an
evolutionary
link among double-stranded DNA viruses from all domains of
life." J
Virol 80(15):
7625-7635. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16840341.
Maeda, N., H.
Fan, et al. (2008). "Oncogenesis by retroviruses: old and new
paradigms."
Rev Med Virol 18(6):
387-405.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18729235.
Marquez, C.
P. and E. J. Pritham (2010). "Phantom, a new subclass of
Mutator DNA
transposons found in insect viruses and widely distributed in
animals." Genetics
185(4): 1507-1517.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20457878.
Martin, J.,
E. Herniou, et al. (1999). "Interclass transmission and
phyletic host
tracking in murine leukemia virus-related retroviruses." J
Virol 73(3):
2442-2449. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9971829.
Moliner, C.,
P. E. Fournier, et al. (2010). "Genome analysis of
microorganisms living
in amoebae reveals a melting pot of evolution." FEMS
Microbiol Rev.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20132312\.
Mrazek, J.
and S. Karlin (2007). "Distinctive features of large complex
virus genomes
and proteomes." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A\ 104\(12\): 5127-5132\. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17360339\.
Nagasaki, K.
(2008). "Dinoflagellates, diatoms, and their viruses." J
Microbiol
46(3): 235-243. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18604491.
Nusse, R.
and H. E. Varmus (1982). "Many tumors induced by the mouse
mammary tumor
virus contain a provirus integrated in the same region of the
host
genome." Cell 31(1):
99-109.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6297757.
Ogata, H.,
K. Toyoda, et al. (2009). "Remarkable sequence similarity
between the
dinoflagellate-infecting marine girus and the terrestrial
pathogen African
swine fever virus." Virol J 6:
178. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19860921.
Okeoma, C.
M., A. L. Huegel, et al. (2010). "APOBEC3 proteins expressed
in mammary
epithelial cells are packaged into retroviruses and can
restrict transmission
of milk-borne virions." Cell Host Microbe 8(6): 534-543. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21147467.
Olia, A. S.,
P. E. Prevelige, Jr., et al. (2011). "Three-dimensional
structure of a
viral genome-delivery portal vertex." Nat Struct Mol Biol
18(5): 597-603. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21499245.
Ortmann, A.
C., B. Wiedenheft, et al. (2006). "Hot crenarchaeal viruses
reveal deep
evolutionary connections." Nat Rev Microbiol 4(7): 520-528. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16755285.
Pagarete,
A., M. J. Allen, et al. (2009). "Host-virus shift of the
sphingolipid
pathway along an Emiliania huxleyi bloom: survival of the
fattest." Environ
Microbiol 11(11):
2840-2848. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19638172.
Pantaleo, V.
(2011). "Plant RNA silencing in viral defence." Adv Exp
Med Biol
722: 39-58. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21915781.
Parakkottil
Chothi, M., G. A. Duncan, et al. (2010). "Identification of an
L-rhamnose
synthetic pathway in two nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses."
J Virol
84(17): 8829-8838.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20538863.
Pelisson,
A., L. Mejlumian, et al. (2002). "Drosophila germline invasion
by the
endogenous retrovirus gypsy: involvement of the viral env
gene." Insect
Biochem Mol Biol 32(10):
1249-1256.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12225916.
Petrov, V.
M., S. Ratnayaka, et al. (2010). "Genomes of the T4-related
bacteriophages
as windows on microbial genome evolution." Virol J 7: 292. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21029436.
Pietila, M.
K., E. Roine, et al. (2009). "An ssDNA virus infecting
archaea: a new
lineage of viruses with a membrane envelope." Mol
Microbiol 72(2):
307-319. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19298373.
Prangishvili,
D. (2003). "Evolutionary insights from studies on viruses of
hyperthermophilic archaea." Res Microbiol 154(4): 289-294. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12798234.
Prangishvili,
D., P. Forterre, et al. (2006). "Viruses of the Archaea: a
unifying
view." Nat Rev Microbiol 4(11):
837-848. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17041631.
Prangishvili,
D. and R. A. Garrett (2005). "Viruses of hyperthermophilic
Crenarchaea." Trends Microbiol 13(11):
535-542. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16154357.
Rao, V. B.
and M. Feiss (2008). "The bacteriophage DNA packaging motor."
Annu
Rev Genet 42:
647-681. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18687036.
Raoult, D.
(2010). "Giant viruses from amoeba in a post-Darwinist viral
world." Intervirology
53(5): 251-253. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20551676.
Raoult, D.
and M. Boyer (2010). "Amoebae as genitors and reservoirs of
giant
viruses." Intervirology 53(5):
321-329. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20551684.
Reyes, A.,
M. Haynes, et al. (2010). "Viruses in the faecal microbiota of
monozygotic
twins and their mothers." Nature 466(7304): 334-338. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20631792.
Ronning, C.
M., L. Losada, et al. (2010). "Genetic and phenotypic
diversity in
Burkholderia: contributions by prophage and phage-like
elements." BMC
Microbiol 10:
202. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20667135.
Roos, W. H.,
I. L. Ivanovska, et al. (2007). "Viral capsids: mechanical
characteristics, genome packaging and delivery mechanisms." Cell
Mol
Life Sci 64(12):
1484-1497. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17440680.
Roossinck,
M. J. (2005). "Symbiosis versus competition in plant virus
evolution." Nat Rev Microbiol 3(12):
917-924. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16322740.
Roossinck,
M. J. (2010). "Lifestyles of plant viruses." Philos Trans
R Soc
Lond B Biol Sci 365(1548):
1899-1905.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20478885.
Ryan, F. P.
(2004). "Human endogenous retroviruses in health and disease:
a symbiotic
perspective." J R Soc Med 97(12):
560-565. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15574851.
Ryan, F. P.
(2009). "An alternative approach to medical genetics based on
modern
evolutionary biology. Part 1: mutation and symbiogenesis." J
R Soc Med
102(7): 272-277. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19605858.
Ryan, F. P.
(2009). "An alternative approach to medical genetics based on
modern
evolutionary biology. Part 2: retroviral symbiosis." J R
Soc Med 102(8):
324-331. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19679734.
Schoenfeld,
T., M. Liles, et al. (2010). "Functional viral metagenomics
and the next
generation of molecular tools." Trends Microbiol 18(1): 20-29. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19896852.
Serwer, P.
(2011). "Proposed Ancestors of Phage Nucleic Acid Packaging
Motors (and
Cells)." Viruses 3(7):
1249-1280. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21994778.
Simon-Loriere,
E. and E. C. Holmes (2011). "Why do RNA viruses recombine?" Nat
Rev
Microbiol. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21725337.
Snyder, J.
C., K. Stedman, et al. (2003). "Viruses of hyperthermophilic
Archaea."
Res Microbiol 154(7):
474-482.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14499933.
Sonea, S.
(1987). "Bacterial viruses, prophages, and plasmids,
reconsidered." Ann
N Y Acad Sci 503:
251-260. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3304076.
Srinivasiah,
S., J. Bhavsar, et al. (2008). "Phages across the biosphere:
contrasts of
viruses in soil and aquatic environments." Res Microbiol
159(5): 349-357. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18565737.
Strassmann,
J. E. and D. C. Queller (2010). "The social organism:
congresses, parties,
and committees." Evolution 64(3):
605-616. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20100213.
Sullivan, M.
B., B. Krastins, et al. (2009). "The genome and structural
proteome of an
ocean siphovirus: a new window into the cyanobacterial
'mobilome'." Environ
Microbiol 11(11):
2935-2951. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19840100.
Sun, S., V.
B. Rao, et al. (2010). "Genome packaging in viruses." Curr
Opin
Struct Biol 20(1):
114-120. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20060706.
Suttle, C.
A. (2007). "Marine viruses--major players in the global
ecosystem." Nat
Rev Microbiol 5(10):
801-812. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17853907.
Suzan-Monti,
M., B. La Scola, et al. (2006). "Genomic and evolutionary
aspects of
Mimivirus." Virus Res\ 117\(1\):
145-155\. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16181700\.
Swain, A.
and J. M. Coffin (1992). "Mechanism of transduction by
retroviruses
." Science 255(5046):
841-845. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1371365.
Tadmor, A.
D., E. A. Ottesen, et al. (2011). "Probing individual
environmental
bacteria for viruses by using microfluidic digital PCR." Science
333(6038): 58-62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21719670.
Tarlinton,
R., J. Meers, et al. (2008). "Biology and evolution of the
endogenous
koala retrovirus." Cell Mol Life Sci 65(21): 3413-3421. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18818870.
Tarlinton,
R. E., J. Meers, et al. (2006). "Retroviral invasion of the
koala
genome." Nature 442(7098):
79-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16823453.
Taylor, D.
J., R. W. Leach, et al. (2010). "Filoviruses are ancient and
integrated
into mammalian genomes." BMC Evol Biol 10: 193. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20569424.
Thomas, V.
and G. Greub (2010). "Amoeba/amoebal symbiont genetic
transfers: lessons
from giant virus neighbours." Intervirology 53(5): 254-267. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20551677.
Tsichlis, P.
N. (1987). "Oncogenesis by Moloney murine leukemia virus." Anticancer
Res 7(2):
171-180. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3592629.
Tsichlis, P.
N., J. S. Lee, et al. (1990). "Activation of multiple genes by
provirus
integration in the Mlvi-4 locus in T-cell lymphomas induced by
Moloney murine
leukemia virus." J Virol 64(5):
2236-2244. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1691313.
Turpen, T. H.
(1999). "Tobacco mosaic virus and the virescence of
biotechnology." Philos
Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 354(1383):
665-673. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10212947.
van der
Kuyl, A. C., M. Cornelissen, et al. (2010). "Of Mice and Men:
On the
Origin of XMRV." Front Microbiol 1: 147. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21687768.
Van Etten,
J. L. (2011). "Another really, really big virus." Viruses
3(1): 32-46. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21994725.
Van Etten,
J. L., M. V. Graves, et al. (2002). "Phycodnaviridae--large
DNA algal
viruses." Arch Virol Suppl 147(8):
1479-1516. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12181671.
Van Etten,
J. L., L. C. Lane, et al. (2010). "DNA viruses: the really big
ones
(giruses)." Annu Rev Microbiol\ 64\: 83-99\. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20690825\.
Van Etten,
J. L. and R. H. Meints (1999). "Giant viruses infecting
algae." Annu
Rev Microbiol 53:
447-494. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10547698.
Van
Regenmortel, M. H. (2010). "Logical puzzles and scientific
controversies:
the nature of species, viruses and living organisms." Syst
Appl
Microbiol 33(1):
1-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20005655.
Varela, M.,
T. E. Spencer, et al. (2009). "Friendly viruses: the special
relationship
between endogenous retroviruses and their host." Ann N Y
Acad Sci 1178:
157-172. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19845636.
Vasilakis,
N., E. R. Deardorff, et al. (2009). "Mosquitoes put the brake
on arbovirus
evolution: experimental evolution reveals\ slower mutation
accumulation in
mosquito than vertebrate cells." PLoS Pathog\ 5\(6\): e1000467\. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19503824\.
Villarreal,
L. P. (2011). "Viral ancestors of antiviral systems." Viruses
3(10): 1933-1958. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22069523.
Villarreal,
L. P. and G. Witzany (2010). "Viruses are essential agents
within the
roots and stem of the tree of life." J Theor Biol 262(4): 698-710. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19833132.
Walsh, D.
and I. Mohr (2011). "Viral subversion of the host protein
synthesis
machinery." Nat Rev Microbiol 9(12):
860-875. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22002165.
Wang, X., Y.
Kim, et al. (2009). "Control and benefits of CP4-57 prophage
excision in
Escherichia coli biofilms." Isme J 3(10): 1164-1179. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19458652.
Wang, Y. and
J. A. Jehle (2009). "Nudiviruses and other large,
double-stranded circular
DNA viruses of\ invertebrates: new insights on an old topic."
J Invertebr
Pathol\ 101\(3\):
187-193\. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19460388\.
Webb, B., T.
Fisher, et al. (2009). "The natural genetic engineering of
polydnaviruses." Ann N Y Acad Sci 1178: 146-156. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19845635.
Webb, B. A.,
M. R. Strand, et al. (2006). "Polydnavirus genomes reflect
their dual
roles as mutualists and pathogens." Virology 347(1): 160-174. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16380146.
Weinbauer,
M. G. (2004). "Ecology of prokaryotic viruses." FEMS
Microbiol
Rev\ 28\(2\):
127-181\. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15109783\.
Williams, T.
A., T. M. Embley, et al. (2011). "Informational gene
phylogenies do not
support a fourth domain of life for nucleocytoplasmic large
DNA viruses." PLoS
One 6(6):
e21080. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21698163.
Williamson,
S. J., D. B. Rusch, et al. (2008). "The Sorcerer II Global
Ocean Sampling
Expedition: metagenomic characterization of viruses within
aquatic microbial
samples." PLoS One 3(1):
e1456. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18213365.
Wilson, G.
W. and D. R. Edgell (2009). "Phage T4 mobE promotes trans
homing of the
defunct homing endonuclease I-TevIII." Nucleic Acids Res
37(21): 7110-7123.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19773422.
Wilson, W.
H., D. C. Schroeder, et al. (2005). "Complete genome sequence
and lytic
phase transcription profile of a Coccolithovirus." Science
309(5737):
1090-1092. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099989.
Wilson, W.
H., J. L. Van Etten, et al. (2009). "The Phycodnaviridae: the
story of how
tiny giants rule the world." Curr Top Microbiol Immunol\
328\: 1-42\. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19216434\.
Wu, D., M.
Wu, et al. (2011). "Stalking the fourth domain in metagenomic
data:
searching for, discovering, and interpreting novel, deep
branches in marker
gene phylogenetic trees." PLoS One 6(3): e18011. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21437252.
Yan, Y., Q.
Liu, et al. (2010). "Evolution of functional and sequence
variants of the
mammalian XPR1 receptor for mouse xenotropic gammaretroviruses
and the
human-derived retrovirus XMRV." J Virol 84(22): 11970-11980. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20844050.
Yano, S. T.,
B. Panbehi, et al. (2005). "Diaspora, a large family of
Ty3-gypsy
retrotransposons in Glycine max, is an\ envelope-less member
of an endogenous
plant retrovirus lineage." BMC Evol Biol\ 5\(1\): 30\. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15876351\.
Yohn, C. T.,
Z. Jiang, et al. (2005). "Lineage-specific expansions of
retroviral
insertions within the genomes of African great apes but not
humans and
orangutans." PLoS Biol 3(4):
e110. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15737067.
Yoshida, T.,
J. M. Claverie, et al. (2011). "Mimivirus reveals Mre11/Rad50
fusion
proteins with a sporadic distribution in eukaryotes, bacteria,
viruses and
plasmids." Virol J 8:
427. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21899737.
Yutin, N.
and E. V. Koonin (2009). "Evolution of DNA ligases of
Nucleo-Cytoplasmic
Large DNA viruses of eukaryotes: a case of hidden complexity."
Biol
Direct 4:
51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20021668.
Yutin, N.,
Y. I. Wolf, et al. (2009). "Eukaryotic large
nucleo-cytoplasmic DNA
viruses: clusters of orthologous genes and reconstruction of
viral genome
evolution." Virol J 6:
223. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20017929.
Zauberman,
N., Y. Mutsafi, et al. (2008). "Distinct DNA exit and
packaging portals in
the virus Acanthamoeba polyphaga\ mimivirus." PLoS Biol\
6\(5\): e114\. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18479185\.
Zhang, Z.,
V. I. Kottadiel, et al. (2011). "A promiscuous DNA packaging
machine from
bacteriophage T4." PLoS Biol 9(2):
e1000592. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21358801.